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      Revisiting Intellectual Property Policy: Information Economics for the Information Age

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      Prometheus
      Pluto Journals
      intellectual property, economics, network externalities, policy
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            Abstract

            Many aspects of intellectual property policy are based on neo-classical economic assumptions about the nature of information and the process of innovation. In particular the argument for stronger protection is based on the assumption that markets are highly competitive and that information is non-excludable from free-riding imitators. This article challenges this traditional approach, arguing that information economics should be used to analyse problems of intellectual properly policy. Recognition of a tacit-codified knowledge distinction, the embodiment of knowledge in information technology products, and the market effects of network externalities, will greatly assist policy-makers.

            Content

            Author and article information

            Journal
            cpro20
            CPRO
            Prometheus
            Critical Studies in Innovation
            Pluto Journals
            0810-9028
            1470-1030
            March 1999
            : 17
            : 1
            : 33-40
            Affiliations
            Article
            8629395 Prometheus, Vol. 17, No. 1, 1999: pp. 33–40
            10.1080/08109029908629395
            5ff69618-d728-41c8-a2d5-4a9c2a4632c1
            Copyright Taylor & Francis Group, LLC

            All content is freely available without charge to users or their institutions. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles in this journal without asking prior permission of the publisher or the author. Articles published in the journal are distributed under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

            History
            Page count
            Figures: 0, Tables: 0, References: 23, Pages: 8
            Categories
            PAPERS

            Computer science,Arts,Social & Behavioral Sciences,Law,History,Economics
            intellectual property,network externalities,economics,policy

            Notes and References

            1. The author expresses thanks to her doctoral supervisors, Roger Clarke, Peter Drahos, Don Lamberton and Greg Shailer, and to Andrew Greinke for his comments on earlier drafts of this article.

            2. J. Boyle, Shamans, Software, and Spleens, Harvard University Press, Cambridge, 1996, p. 38.

            3. F. Machlup, The Production and Distribution of Knowledge in the United Stales, Princeton University Press, Princeton, 1962; M. Porat, The Information Economy, US Department of Commerce, Washington, 1977; C. Jonscher, ‘Information resources and economic productivity’, Information Economics and Policy, 1, 1983, pp. 13–35.

            4. S. M. Besen and L. J. Raskind, ‘An introduction to the law and economics of intellectual property’, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 5, 1991, p. 3.

            5. S. Ricketson, The Law of Intellectual Property, Law Book Company, Sydney, 1984, pp. 425–26.

            6. K. J. Arrow, ‘Economic welfare and the allocation of resources for invention’, in National Bureau of Economic Research, The Rate and Direction of Inventive Activity: Economic and Social Factors, Princeton University Press, Princeton, 1962, pp. 609–25.

            7. Ibid, p. 614.

            8. Ibid, p. 615.

            9. H. Demsetz, ‘Information and efficiency: another viewpoint’, Journal of Law and Economics, 12, 1970, pp. 1–22.

            10. See, for example, K. W. Dam, ‘The economic underpinnings of patent law’, Journal of Legal Studies, 23, 1994, pp. 247–71.

            11. M. Polyani, Knowing and Being, Routledge and Kegan Paul, London, 1964, p. 195.

            12. F. Machlup, ‘Optimum utilization of knowledge’, Knowledge, Information and Decisions: Society, 20, 1982, p. 10.

            13. D. M. Lamberton, S. Macdonald and T. D. Mandeville, ‘Information and technological change—a research program in retrospect’, in P. Hall (ed.), Technology, Innovation and Economic Policy, Philip Allan, Oxford, 1982, p. 231.

            14. Arrow, op. cit., p. 618. This theme is not pursued, however, and Arrow disposes of it as simply compounding the appropriability problem.

            15. P. Monk, Technological Change in the Information Economy, Pinter Publishers, London, 1989, pp. 87–92.

            16. M. Pendleton, ‘Intellectual property, information-based society and a new international economic order—the policy options?’, European Intellectual Property Review, 2, 1985, p. 31.

            17. S. Scotchmer, ‘Standing on the shoulders of giants: cumulative research and the patent law’, Journal of Economic Perspectives, 5, 1991, p. 29.

            18. S. Ricketson, ‘New wine into old bottles: technological change and intellectual property rights’, Prometheus, 10, 1992, p. 53.

            19. T. D. Mandeville, Understanding Novelty: Information, Technological Change, and the Patent System, Ablex, New Jersey, 1996, p. 42.

            20. J. Schumpeter, Capitalism, Socialism, and Democracy, 3rd Ed, Harper, New York, 1950.

            21. Mandeville, op. cit., p. 46.

            22. C. Antonelli, ‘The economic theory of information networks’, in C. Antonelli (ed.), The Economics of Information Networks, Elsevier Science Publishers, New York, 1992, p. 5.

            23. S. C. Salop and D. T. Scheffman, ‘Cost-raising strategies’, Journal of Industrial Economics, 36, 1987, p. 19.

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