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      IMPACTS OF THE DOMESTIC MICROWAVE OVEN

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            Abstract

            Microwave ovens have been adopted by Australian households with remarkable speed. Over 5 million microwave ovens have been sold in Australia, and approximately 77 per cent of Australian homes contain one. It is plausible - but difficult to prove that microwave ovens have reduced time spent cooking. Most foods take less time to prepare in a microwave oven than a conventional oven; women's cooking time has fallen during the microwave's diffusion period, while microwaveable foods have become widely available. The microwave oven has influenced household food purchases and can reduce household energy use via several mechanisms.

            Content

            Author and article information

            Journal
            cpro20
            CPRO
            Prometheus
            Critical Studies in Innovation
            Pluto Journals
            0810-9028
            1470-1030
            December 1996
            : 14
            : 2
            : 168-178
            Affiliations
            Article
            8629216 Prometheus, Vol. 14, No. 2, 1996: pp. 168–178
            10.1080/08109029608629216
            deab128f-3bcb-4100-93b2-ee39c454d2cb
            Copyright Taylor & Francis Group, LLC

            All content is freely available without charge to users or their institutions. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles in this journal without asking prior permission of the publisher or the author. Articles published in the journal are distributed under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

            History
            Page count
            Figures: 0, Tables: 0, References: 43, Pages: 11
            Categories
            Original Articles

            Computer science,Arts,Social & Behavioral Sciences,Law,History,Economics
            Microwave ovens,household time use,development and diffusion,energy use,food purchases

            References

            1. Australian Consumers Association, ‘Microwave ovens’, Choice, 1991, July, pp.6–9.

            2. Roy Morgan Research, Household surveys, 1995.

            3. M. Cook, ‘Zap crackle pop: has the microwave fulfilled its promise?’, The Age, 1995,13 June, p.25.

            4. J. Elman, ‘Commercial microwave ovens: the market today and tomorrow’, Journal of Microwave Power, 3, 2, 1968, pp.81–84.

            5. T. Suzuki, and K. Oshima, ‘Applications of microwave power to the food industry in Japan’, Journal of Microwave Power, 8, 2, 1973, pp.149–159.

            6. T. Sasaki, ‘Applications of microwave power in Japan’, Journal of Microwave Power, 3, 2, 1968, pp.85–91.

            7. M. Hicks, Microwave ovens: a case study in the development and marketing of domestic technology, Master of Science dissertation, (unpub.), University of New South Wales, Sydney, 1987.

            8. J. E. Gerling, ‘Microwaves in the food industry: promise and reality’, Food technology, 1986, June, pp.82–83.

            9. T. Oguro, ‘Trends in magnetrons for consumer microwave ovens’, Journal of Microwave Power, 13, 1, 1978, pp.27–35.

            10. D.R. McConnell, ‘Editorial introduction’, Journal of Microwave Power, 13, 1, 1978, pp.1–2.

            11. Roy Morgan Research, op cit.

            12. Australian Bureau of Statistics, (1978-1994), Foreign Trade, Australia: Merchandise Imports, ABS, Canberra. Cat. no. 5426.0.

            13. Australian Bureau of Statistics, 1991-92 Foreign trade - Australian merchandise imports: detailed commodity tables, ABS, Canberra, 1993. Cat. no. 5437.0

            14. J. Wajcman, Feminism Confronts Technology, Allen and Unwin, North Sydney, 1991, p. 184.

            15. Gerling, J.E., op cit.

            16. R. S. Cowan, ‘Labour-saving means more work’, Reader's Digest, Australian Edition, 1987, March, pp.49–51.

            17. J. Vanek, ‘Time spent in housework’, Scientific American, 231, 5, 1974, pp.116–120.

            18. P. Bereano, C. Bose and E. Arnold, ‘Kitchen technology and the liberation of women from housework’, In W. Faulkner and E. Arnold (eds), Technology in Women's Lives: Smothered by Invention, Pluto Press, London, 1985, pp.163–181.

            19. M.P. Howat, J.N. Gros, K. McMillin, A.M. Saxton, and F. Hoskins, ‘A comparison of beef blade roasts cooked by microwaves, microwave-convection and conventional ovens’, Journal of Microwave Power, 22, 2, 1987, pp.95–98.

            20. B.C. Samuel and R.P. Lovingood, ‘Microwave-convection versus electric range ovens: tradeoffs in energy use, time and food quality’, Journal of Microwave Power, 21, 1, 1986, pp. 1–8.

            21. D.S. Ironmonger and Tran Van Hoa, ‘Equivalence scales: a household production approach’, Economics Letters, 31, 1991, pp.407–410.

            22. Roy Morgan Research, op cit.

            23. M. Bittman, Recent changes in unpaid work, Occasional Paper, Australian Bureau of Statistics, Canberra, 1995. Cat. no. 4154.0.

            24. M. Bittman and S. Mathur, ‘Can People Buy Their Way Out of Housework?: The results of a cross-survey analysis of the substitution of unpaid work by market services using Australian data’, Proceedings, XIIIth World Congress of Sociology, 1994, 18-23 July 1994, Bielefeld, Germany.

            25. C. Kim, ‘Convenience-oriented food expenditures of working-wife families: implications for convenience food manufacturers’, Journal of Economic Psychology, 10, 3, 1989, pp.391–409.

            26. Australian Bureau of Statistics, Time use survey, Australia 1992; unit record file, ABS, Canberra, 1994. Cat. no. 4152.0.

            27. Australian Bureau of Statistics, How Australians use their time, ABS, Canberra, 1993. Cat. No. 4153.0.

            28. D. S. Ironmonger, ‘The impact of technology on the household economy’, In J.F. Brotchie, P. Hall and P.W. Newton (eds), The Spatial Impact of Technological Change, Croom Helm, London, 1987, pp.50–60.

            29. Australian Consumers Association, op cit.

            30. Cook, op cit.

            31. S. Hegenbart, ‘Microwaveable foods: making faster better’, Prepared Foods, 1989, November, pp.8–9.

            32. Cook, op cit.

            33. Bittman and Mathur, op cit.

            34. Ibid.

            35. M. Ashwell, ‘Facts behind the headlines - microwaves and milk’, BNF Nutritional Bulletin, 59, 15, 1990, pp.81–82.

            36. G.A. Cross, and D.Y.C. Fung, ‘The effect of microwaves on nutrient value of foods’, Critical Review of Food Science and Nutrition, 16, 4, 1982, pp.355–381.

            37. C.J. Hoffman, and M.E. Zabik, ‘Current and future foodservice applications of microwave cooking/reheating’, Journal of the American Dietetic Association, 85, 8, 1985, pp.829–833.

            38. Howat et al., op cit; and B.M. Korschgen, and R.E. Baldwin, ‘Comparisons of methods of cooking beef roasts by microwaves’, Journal of Microwave Power, 15, 3, 1980, pp.169–172.

            39. S. Richardson, J.A. Philips, J.M. Axelson, R.P. Lovingood, J.M. Pearson and M. Saltmarch, ‘Energy requirements to heat convenience and home-prepared foods with an electric range and a microwave oven’, Journal of Microwave Power, 19, 2, 1984, 89-95.

            40. Korschgen and Baldwin, op cit.

            41. Samuel and Lovingood, op cit.

            42. Richardson et al., op cit.

            43. J. S. Foster, ‘Solar water heating in Queensland’, Prometheus, 11, 2, 1993, pp.219–233.

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