Are there warlords in provincial Mozambique? Questions of the social base of MNR banditry

Darch, Colin

doi:10.1080/03056248908703824

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Review of African Political Economy

Volume 16, Issue 45-46

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Are there warlords in provincial Mozambique? Questions of the social base of MNR banditry

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Author(s): Colin Darch

Publication date (Print): 1989

Journal: Review of African Political Economy

Publisher: Review of African Political Economy

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Abstract

Exploring the origins, nature and consequences of MNR violence and murder, this article argues that Renamo does not conform to the classical characteristics of warlordism. It does not represent a cession of central control to local interests; rather it is an attack on the national sovereignty of Mozambique created and perpetuated by external powers. Nevertheless, in some areas the externally imposed proxy war may have been able to achieve a certain local dynamic and so, to this extent, the warlord concept may have some limited usefulness. Darch also completely rejects the idea that the MNR can be considered to be a case of ‘social banditry’, even allowing for the weaknesses inherent in this concept.

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Journal

Journal ID (publisher-id): crea20

Journal ID (archive): CREA

Title: Review of African Political Economy

Publisher: Review of African Political Economy

ISSN (Print): 0305-6244

ISSN (Electronic): 1740-1720

Publication date (Print): 1989

Volume: 16

Issue: 45-46

Pages: 34-49

Article

Publisher ID: 8703824 Coden ID: Review of African Political Economy, Vol. 16, No. 45-46, 1889, pp. 34-49

DOI: 10.1080/03056248908703824

SO-VID: 8e9681b9-7835-4487-a4fb-e35b4321d622

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All content is freely available without charge to users or their institutions. Users are allowed to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of the articles in this journal without asking prior permission of the publisher or the author. Articles published in the journal are distributed under a http://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/.

History

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Figures: 0, Tables: 0, References: 37, Pages: 16

Bibliographic note

Gersony Robert. . April. 1988 . Summary of Mozambican refugee accounts of principally conflict‐related experience in Mozambique . April. , Washington D.C. :
Minter William. . March. 1989 . The Mozambican National Resistance (Renamo) as described by ex‐participants . March. , Washington , D.C. :
Fauvet Paul. . 1984. . The roots of counter‐revolution: the Mozambican National Reistance’. . ROAPE . , Vol. 29: July;: 108––121. .
Taju Gulamo. . November. 1988 . “‘Renamo: os factos que conhecemos’. ”. In Cadernos de Historia . , November. , p. 5––44. . Maputo. .
1982. . ‘Quem sao os bandidos armados e como vamos derrota‐los’ [Who the armed bandits are and how we are going to defeat them]. . Noticias . , 31 July;: 5––6. .
Magaia Albino. . 1982. . ‘Quern sao eles?’ [Who are they?]. . Tempo . , Vol. 624: 26 September;: 21––3. .
1987. . ‘Mozambique: what is the MNR?’. . Africa Confidential . , Vol. 28((6))
1988. . ‘Quern sao os bandidos armados?’. . Voz da Revolucao . , Vol. 76: April;: 4––11. .
1987. . ‘Mozambique — South Africa: the special forces behind Renamo’. . Africa Confidential . , Vol. 28((24))
Lopes Jose Mota. . 13 May. 1986 . “‘A Renamo nao existe: e uma ficcao ao servico da politica sul‐Africana’. ”. In Diario Popular . 13 May. , Lisbon :
July. 1988 . Who are the armed bandits? . , July. , Maputo : : Frelimo. .
Finnegan Bill. . 1988. . New Yorker . , 22 May;
1988. . ‘The warlords who walk free’. . Weekly Mail . , 29 January — 4 February;
1989. . ‘Warlords elected as kwaZulu MPs’. . Weekly Mail . , 24 February — 2 March;
Tuchman Barbara. . 1972. . Stillwell and the American experience in China, 1911–45 . , New York : : Bantam Books. .
Abir Mordecai. . 1968. . Ethiopia: the era of the princes . , London : : Longman Green. .
Hess Robert L. . 1970. . Ethiopia: The modernization of autocracy . , Cornell University Press. .
Johnson Phyllis and Martin David. , eds. 1986. . Destructive Engagement: Southern Africa at war . , Harare : : ZPH. .
Lima Fernando. . 1981. . ‘O MNR ou mais uma face da agressao?’. . Noticias . , 2 October;
Cole Barbara. . 1984. . The Elite: the story of the Rhodesian Special Air Service . , Amanzimtoti , , S.A.: : Three Knights. .
1982. . ‘Mozambican insurgents seeking weapons aid in the West’. . International Herald Tribune . , 24 August;
Allan and Isaacman Barbara. . 1982. . ‘Mozambique rebels: do their guns, money come from South Africa?’. . Christian Science Monitor . , 22 October;
Askin Steve. . 1988. . ‘Massacre in Mozambique’. . The Progressive . , December;
Lopes Jose Mota. . 1986. . ‘The MNR: opponents or bandits?’. . Africa Report . , January‐February;
Legum Colin. . 1983. . ‘The MNR’. . CSIS Africa Notes . , Vol. 16: 15 July;
Finnegan William. . 1989. . ‘A reporter at large: the emergency’. . The New Yorker . , 29 May;
Hobsbawm Eric. . 1959. . Primitive Rebels . , Manchester University Press. .
Hobsbawm Eric. . 1969. . Bandits . , London : : Weidenfeld & Nicholson. .
Blok Anton and Hobsbawm. . 1972. . Comparative Studies in Society and History . , Vol. 14:: 494––505. .
Hobsbawm Eric. . 1973. . ‘Peasants and politics’. . Journal of Peasant Studies . , Vol. 1((1))
Green Reginald H and Thompson Carol. . “‘Political economies in conflict: SADCC, South Africa and sanctions’. ”. Edited by: Johnson and Martin. .
Geffray Christian and Pedersen Mogens. . March. 1985 . Transformacao da organizacao social e do sistema agrario do campesinato no Distrito do Erati: processo de socializacao do campo e diferenciacao social . March. , Maputo :
Geffray and Pedersen. . 1988. . ‘Nampula en guerre’. . Politique Africaine . , Vol. 29: March;
1986. . ‘Sobre a guerra na provincia de Nampula’. . Revista International de Estudos Africanos . , Vol. 4/5: January‐December;
Gervase Clarence‐Smith , review article in The Southern African Review of Books ( April‐May 1989 )
William Minter , ibid. ( June‐July 1989 );
Thomashausen Andre. . 1983. . The National Resistance of Mozambique’. . Africa Insight . , Vol. 13((2))

Comments

Comment on this article

[1] Gersony Robert. . April. 1988 . Summary of Mozambican refugee accounts of principally conflict‐related experience in Mozambique . April. , Washington D.C. :

[2] Minter William. . March. 1989 . The Mozambican National Resistance (Renamo) as described by ex‐participants . March. , Washington , D.C. :

[3] Fauvet Paul. . 1984. . The roots of counter‐revolution: the Mozambican National Reistance’. . ROAPE . , Vol. 29: July;: 108––121. .

[4] Taju Gulamo. . November. 1988 . “‘Renamo: os factos que conhecemos’. ”. In Cadernos de Historia . , November. , p. 5––44. . Maputo. .

[5] 1982. . ‘Quem sao os bandidos armados e como vamos derrota‐los’ [Who the armed bandits are and how we are going to defeat them]. . Noticias . , 31 July;: 5––6. .

[6] Magaia Albino. . 1982. . ‘Quern sao eles?’ [Who are they?]. . Tempo . , Vol. 624: 26 September;: 21––3. .

[7] 1987. . ‘Mozambique: what is the MNR?’. . Africa Confidential . , Vol. 28((6))

[8] 1988. . ‘Quern sao os bandidos armados?’. . Voz da Revolucao . , Vol. 76: April;: 4––11. .

[9] 1987. . ‘Mozambique — South Africa: the special forces behind Renamo’. . Africa Confidential . , Vol. 28((24))

[10] Lopes Jose Mota. . 13 May. 1986 . “‘A Renamo nao existe: e uma ficcao ao servico da politica sul‐Africana’. ”. In Diario Popular . 13 May. , Lisbon :

[11] July. 1988 . Who are the armed bandits? . , July. , Maputo : : Frelimo. .

[12] Finnegan Bill. . 1988. . New Yorker . , 22 May;

[13] 1988. . ‘The warlords who walk free’. . Weekly Mail . , 29 January — 4 February;

[14] 1989. . ‘Warlords elected as kwaZulu MPs’. . Weekly Mail . , 24 February — 2 March;

[15] Tuchman Barbara. . 1972. . Stillwell and the American experience in China, 1911–45 . , New York : : Bantam Books. .

[16] Abir Mordecai. . 1968. . Ethiopia: the era of the princes . , London : : Longman Green. .

[17] Hess Robert L. . 1970. . Ethiopia: The modernization of autocracy . , Cornell University Press. .

[18] Johnson Phyllis and Martin David. , eds. 1986. . Destructive Engagement: Southern Africa at war . , Harare : : ZPH. .

[19] Lima Fernando. . 1981. . ‘O MNR ou mais uma face da agressao?’. . Noticias . , 2 October;

[20] Cole Barbara. . 1984. . The Elite: the story of the Rhodesian Special Air Service . , Amanzimtoti , , S.A.: : Three Knights. .

[21] 1982. . ‘Mozambican insurgents seeking weapons aid in the West’. . International Herald Tribune . , 24 August;

[22] Allan and Isaacman Barbara. . 1982. . ‘Mozambique rebels: do their guns, money come from South Africa?’. . Christian Science Monitor . , 22 October;

[23] Askin Steve. . 1988. . ‘Massacre in Mozambique’. . The Progressive . , December;

[24] Lopes Jose Mota. . 1986. . ‘The MNR: opponents or bandits?’. . Africa Report . , January‐February;

[25] Legum Colin. . 1983. . ‘The MNR’. . CSIS Africa Notes . , Vol. 16: 15 July;

[26] Finnegan William. . 1989. . ‘A reporter at large: the emergency’. . The New Yorker . , 29 May;

[27] Hobsbawm Eric. . 1959. . Primitive Rebels . , Manchester University Press. .

[28] Hobsbawm Eric. . 1969. . Bandits . , London : : Weidenfeld & Nicholson. .

[29] Blok Anton and Hobsbawm. . 1972. . Comparative Studies in Society and History . , Vol. 14:: 494––505. .

[30] Hobsbawm Eric. . 1973. . ‘Peasants and politics’. . Journal of Peasant Studies . , Vol. 1((1))

[31] Green Reginald H and Thompson Carol. . “‘Political economies in conflict: SADCC, South Africa and sanctions’. ”. Edited by: Johnson and Martin. .

[32] Geffray Christian and Pedersen Mogens. . March. 1985 . Transformacao da organizacao social e do sistema agrario do campesinato no Distrito do Erati: processo de socializacao do campo e diferenciacao social . March. , Maputo :

[33] Geffray and Pedersen. . 1988. . ‘Nampula en guerre’. . Politique Africaine . , Vol. 29: March;

[34] 1986. . ‘Sobre a guerra na provincia de Nampula’. . Revista International de Estudos Africanos . , Vol. 4/5: January‐December;

[35] Gervase Clarence‐Smith , review article in The Southern African Review of Books ( April‐May 1989 )

[36] William Minter , ibid. ( June‐July 1989 );

[37] Thomashausen Andre. . 1983. . The National Resistance of Mozambique’. . Africa Insight . , Vol. 13((2))

Review of African Political Economy

Are there warlords in provincial Mozambique? Questions of the social base of MNR banditry

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