The Hausa areas of the Sudanic belt of West Africa certainly experienced food shortages, due mainly to weather or pestilence, but had a variety of social mechanisms to reduce their impact on any one family. Many of these mechanisms were undermined in the various transitions that resulted from colonialism without other measures to replace them.
From this experience the meaning of ‘crisis’ in peripheral capitalist societies is explored as some combination of the ‘economic’ crisis of overproduction of commodities in advanced capitalism with the crisis of underproduction of use values characteristic of pre‐capitalist society.
Sahel. . 1975. . Qui se nourrit de la famine en Afrique . , Paris : : Maspero. .
Copans J.. , ed. 1975. . Secheresse et Famine du Sahel . , Vol. 2 Volumes. , Paris : : Maspero. .
Meillassoux C.. 1974. . ‘Development of Exploitation?: Is the Sahel Famine Good Business’. . Review . , : 27––33. .
van Apel‐doorn J.. 1976. . The 1972–74 Drought in Nigeria . , Vol. 2 volumes. , Zaria : : CSER, Ahmadu Bello University. .
Lovejoy P. and Baier S.. 1976. . “‘The desert Side Economy of the Central Sudan’. ”. In The Politicsl of Natural Disaster: The Case of the Sahel Drought . , Edited by: Glantz M.. p. l45––184. . New York : : Praenger. .
S. George , How the Other Half Dies , ( London , 1977 ) Penguin;
Palmer H.R.. 1928. . Sudanese Memoirs . , Vol. Vol.11. , London : : F. Cass. .
Raynault C.. 1975. . “‘Le Cas de la region de Maradi’. ”. In Secheresses et Famines du Sahel . , Edited by: Copans J.. Paris : : Maspero. .
Scott J.. 1976. . The Moral Economy of the Peasant . , New Haven : : Yale University Press. .
Smith M.G.. 1967. . “‘A Hausa Kingdom: Maradu under Dan Baskore’. ”. In West African Kingdoms in the Nineteenth Century . , Edited by: Forde D. and Kaberry P.. Oxford University Press. .