This article explores the way that colonial exploitation conditioned the political, social and economic life of the Mauritanian rural and urban communities. It shows how a neo‐colonial state was formed for the specific purpose not only of continuing colonial plunder under a new institutional arrangement but of intensifying the exploitation of Mauritanian workers for the benefit of multinational corporations, with far‐reaching and even tragic socio‐economic consequences for the majority of the Mauritanian people.
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